Hindi Literature Essay

Accomplishments: Premchand carried authenticity to Hindi writing. Premchand composed on the practical issues of the day-communalism, debasement, zamindari, obligation, destitution, expansionism and so on. He maintained a strategic distance from the utilization of profoundly Sanskritized Hindi and rather utilized the lingo of the average citizens. Premchand prevalently known as Munshi Premchand was one of the best artistic figures of current Hindi writing. His accounts distinctively depicted the social situation of those occasions. Premchand’s genuine name was Dhanpat Rai Srivastava. He was conceived on July 31, 1880 in Lamahi close Varanasi where his dad Munshi Azaayab Lal was an assistant in the mail station. Premchand lost his mom when he was only seven years of age. His dad wedded once more. Premchand was exceptionally near his senior sister. His initial instruction was in a madarasa under a Maulavi, where he learnt Urdu. At the point when he was concentrating in the ninth class he was hitched, much against his desires. He was just fifteen years of age around then. Premchand lost his dad when he was sixteen years of age. Premchand was left liable for his stepmother and stepsiblings. He earned five rupees a month coaching a lawyer’s youngster. Premchand breezed through his registration test with incredible exertion and took up a showing position, with a month to month compensation of eighteen rupees. While working, he concentrated secretly and passed his Intermediate and B. A. assessments. Afterward, Premchand filled in as the delegate sub-assessor of schools in what was then the United Provinces. In 1910, he was pulled up by the District Magistrate in Jamirpur for his collection of short stories Soz-e-Watan (Dirge of the Nation), which was marked rebellious. His book Soz-e-Watan was prohibited by the then British government, which consumed the entirety of the duplicates. At first Premchand wrote in Urdu under the name of Nawabrai. Nonetheless, when his novel Soz-e-Watan was seized by the British, he began composing under the pen name. Before Premchand, Hindi writing comprised principally offantasy or strict works. Premchand carried authenticity to Hindi writing. He composed more than 300 stories, twelve books and two plays. The tales have been incorporated and distributed as Maansarovar. His acclaimed manifestations are: Panch Parameshvar, Idgah, Shatranj Ke Khiladi, Poos Ki Raat, Bade Ghar Ki Beti, Kafan, Udhar Ki Ghadi, Namak Ka Daroga, Gaban, Godaan, and Nirmala. Premchand was an incredible social reformer; he wedded a kid widow named Shivarani Devi. She composed a book on him, Premchand Gharmein after his passing. In 1921 he addressed Gandhiji’s call and left his activity. He attempted to create energy and nationalistic estimations in the general masses. At the point when the proofreader of the diary _Maryaada_ was imprisoned in the opportunity development, Premchand worked for a period as the supervisor of that diary. A while later, he filled in as the head in a school in the Kashi Vidyapeeth. The principle normal for Premchand’s compositions is his fascinating narrating and utilization of straightforward language. His books depict the issues of provincial and urban India. He kept away from the utilization of exceptionally Sanskritized Hindi and rather utilized the lingo of the ordinary citizens. Premchand composed on the sensible issues of the day - communalism, defilement, zamindari, obligation, neediness, imperialism and so on. Premchand’s works have been made an interpretation of into every Indian language, yet additionally Russian, Chinese, and numerous other unknown dialects. He kicked the bucket on October 8, 1936.

Governance is Policing for Review of Police- myassignmenthelp

Question: Examine about theGovernance is Policing for Review of Police Oversight. Answer: Article Review: Review Of Police Oversight-A Critique The creator was charged to assess police oversight in New South Wales through Letters Patent in 2015. He presents that such an assessment would be especially hard to attempt because of the reality the police are relied upon to make deliberately estimated strides that think about every single imaginable result anyway in reasonableness in an earnest circumstance the police neither have the opportunity nor the chance to consider convention because of the danger of disappointment of fear or more regrettable. This represents a clashing circumstance where officials are required to hold fast to convention yet are likewise expected to think and react quickly and react to a circumstance as fast as could reasonably be expected. In this way, while evaluating the activities of the police there should be a harmony between both these thoughts. In New South Wales police oversight is embraced by two unique bodies the Police Integrity System (PIC) and the Police Division of the Ombudsmans Office (PDO O). The creator has additionally considered the Wood Royal Commissions first interval report which was distributed in 1996 which managed the New South Wales Police Service (Justice.nsw.gov.au 2018). The creator at that point proceeds to make suggestions dependent on these contemplations. The point of this paper is to assess the suggestion of shaping a particular oversight body and the proposal identifying with acknowledgment of the NSW Police as the main body that is capable to research basic episodes. The accompanying passages will assess these two proposals and break down their viability dependent on the current situation. The layout of this paper, since the foundation of the situation is set up, will dig into the ramifications of these suggestions in seriatim. The main proposal that will be taken a gander at is the most significant suggestion as it shapes the essence of the report by the creator. The creator suggests that the present administrative bodies the Police Integrity System (PIC) and Police Division of the Ombudsmans Office (PDOO) be coordinated into one administrative expert for police oversight. In doing so it doesn't anyway think about mix of the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) into this recently shaped body. This is basically conceptualized from police oversight frameworks outside New South Wales. The Australian single administrative body frameworks considered by the creator were situated in Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia and Queensland. These frameworks are depicted and investigated beneath. In Victoria police oversight is directed by the Independent Broad-based Anti-defilement Commission (IBAC) which was built up in 2010 (Den Heyer and Beckley 2013). The IBAC is a non military personnel police oversight body. The creator nonetheless, states that if an enemy of defilement administrative body, for example, the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) existed in Victoria such an expansive based police oversight model would not be required. Be that as it may, since NSW as of now has such a body set up, it would not be suitable to actualize such an oversight model in NSW. In South Australia three existing bodies direct police oversight, Office of the Police Ombudsman, the Independent Commissioner Against Corruption and the Office for Public Integrity (Newburn 2015). Two of these, specifically, the Independent Commissioner Against Corruption and Office for Public Integrity are set up as two wings of a similar body. This bodys essential job is to get and arbitrate prot ests of debasement and different other police respectability related cases (Porter 2013). There have been ongoing proposals for solidification of covering forces and in this manner clearly requires alteration. Along these lines, as expressed by the creator this would not be suitable model for NSW either. In Western Australian and Queensland the framework followed is a wide based enemy of debasement approach. Both these locales encapsulate exceptional sorted out wrongdoing examination works inside these enemy of defilement bodies like the framework in NSW (Findlay, Odgers and Yeo 2015). The creator considers this flimsy and suggests that this model would not be suitable for NSW. The federations oversight framework is practically indistinguishable from the one in NSW and subsequently the creator doesn't decipher this as a dependable framework for police oversight either. The above examination shows that different wards have executed single oversight bodies however would be entirely insufficient considering the common conditions in NSW. This is essentially because of the requirement for an away from of the forces and capacities. Responsibility is additionally an issue when all forces and capacities are completed by a solitary body advertisement it might offer ascent to self-assertive and optional utilization of forces (Cordner 2016). Moreover, it is unmistakably noticeable that covering and inappropriately characterized powers prompts holes in the general oversight did by the body. These reasons command the presence of various bodies every one of which can be considered responsible of independent very much characterized capacities. The subsequent suggestion assessed here is the 42nd proposal made by the creator. This proposal accommodates the acknowledgment of the NSW Police Force as the main office capable to do examinations if there should arise an occurrence of basic episodes. Basic occurrences are not characterized in NSW laws anyway the definition has created throughout the years through NSW Police Force Professional Standards and represents episodes that include law requirement experts and the passing or genuine injury to an individual (Prenzler, Porter and Alpert 2013). This suggestion anyway can be considered to be imperfect from its commencement. It overlooks the event of the provinces purview and the consistence issues it would make at a government level. The government jurisdictional issue aside this would likewise furnish the NSW Police power with an open door for subjective utilization of their forces. This primarily follows the rationale that if NSW Police is taken as the main able power to examine a basic occurrence it would likewise must be under the oversight of the recently framed commission (Palmer and Warren 2013). Be that as it may, the solitary body that would as of now be overburdened with different duties would not have the option to sufficiently manage basic occurrences. This is mostly because of the wide assortment of capacities which it must embrace. This would likewise be counter-gainful to the whole idea of oversight over the NSW Police Force. To finish up, the Tink Report believes every fundamental thought to be considered to make and utilize a practical solitary body for police oversight. Be that as it may, there are holes in the suggestions that make clashing circumstances that could in the long run lead to unregulated situations when for all intents and purposes actualized. Along these lines when utilizing such a change all components revised must be very much characterized and should cover every single imaginable deterrent that may come up. The key is recognize if a particular body could in a perfect world supervise all police exercises without self-assertively utilizing its forces. Reference list: Cordner, G.W., 2016.Police organization. Routledge. Lair Heyer, G. also, Beckley, A., 2013. Police free oversight in Australia and New Zealand.Police Practice and Research,14(2), pp.130-143. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Alan_Beckley/distribution/283796290_Police_Independent_Oversight_in_Australia_and_New_Zealand/joins/57aba88608ae42ba52af0ce0/Police-Independent-Oversight-in-Australia-and-New-Zealand.pdf Findlay, M., Odgers, S. furthermore, Yeo, S.M.H., 2015.Australian criminal equity. Oxford University Press. Justice.nsw.gov.au. (2018). [online] Available at: https://www.justice.nsw.gov.au/justicepolicy/Documents/audit police-oversight/survey police-oversight-last report.pdf#page34 [Accessed 5 Apr. 2018]. Newburn, T., 2015. Writing audit: police trustworthiness and debasement. https://eprints.lse.ac.uk/68126/1/Newburn_literature-review%201.pdf Palmer, D. furthermore, Warren, I., 2013. Zonal prohibiting and open request in urban Australia.Policing urban areas: Urban securitisation and guideline in a 21st century world, pp.79-96. https://dro.deakin.edu.au/eserv/DU:30055504/warren-zonalbanning-2013.pdf Doorman, L.E., 2013. Past oversight: an issue arranged way to deal with police reform.Police Practice and Research,14(2), pp.169-181.https://investigate repository.griffith.edu.au/bitstream/handle/10072/55815/88114_1.pdf%3Bsequence=1 Prenzler, T., Porter, L. also, Alpert, G.P., 2013. Diminishing police utilization of power: Case studies and prospects.Aggression and Violent Behavior,18(2), pp.343-356. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Geoffrey_Alpert2/distribution/257525619_Reducing_police_use_of_force_Case_studies_and_prospects/joins/5a254f394585155dd41ef6f8/Reducing-police-utilization of-power Case-contemplates and-prospects.pdf

Best DIY Website Builder Do it Yourself Easy Cheap!

Best DIY Website Builder Do it Yourself Easy Cheap! .elementor-19992 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19992{text-align:center}Last Updated on March 10, 2020Nearly everyone has at least a little experience with using websites. Now that developers have devised ways to build sites where confusing code hides behind the scenes, most anyone can become a do it yourself website builder.The best DIY website builders are highly intuitive, leading you through the process step-by-step, but our goal here is to help you choose the best website builder from the bunch. Disclosure As an independent review site, we get compensated if you purchase through the referral links or coupon codes on this page â€" at no additional cost to you. Dismiss alert Table of Contents Here are the best DIY website builders1. WordPress.com (best free website builder)2. Jimdo3. Wix (easiest website builder)4. Shopify (best eCommerce website builder)5. Weebly6. JustHost7. Site123 DIY website builder8. IM Creator (best simple website builder)9. BigCommerce10. Squarespa ce (best for DIY website design)11. Novi BuilderBest do it yourself websites: final thoughtsHere are the best DIY website buildersTake a look at these do it yourself website builder reviews for an overview of the pros and cons of the best DIY website building platforms.  WordPressJimdoWixShopifyWeeblyJustHostSite123IM CreatorBigCommerceSquarespaceNovi BuilderThe WordPress dashboard is fairly intuitive and easy to use, even for beginners. The terms on the side panel and the functions they perform are self-explanatory. WordPress notifies you when your plugins need to be updated and make it easy to update them all at once.Like many other free site-builders, WordPress lets users build the site for free, but some add-ons will cost, although third-party apps interface nicely. Join the FREE TrainingDo You Want To Learn How To Build 6 Figures Authority Sites?Join This Free Training To...Finally have a proven method to finding profitable nichesGet access to a foolproof keyword research metho dLearn how to outsource quality contentLearn how to build white hat links to your site without headaches To give you fair warning, there isnt a lot you can do with a free WordPress site but the alternative (and what I recommend to everyone) if you want to earn money, is to use WordPress with a  site like HostGator and you are allowed to make money then.If you want to go down this route (recommended for most people who want a site for business or to make money) then you can check out the deal I have set up at the button below.#1 pick for if you want a DIY website with WordPress:$2.64 per Month Claim your discount now! View Jimdo deals now 3. Wix (easiest website builder) View Wix deals now 4. Shopify (best eCommerce website builder)Site123 is an easy and intuitive platform to use. DIY site builders will appreciate the attractive templates and tools for customizing their sites, although these features are not as plentiful as their peer platforms. On a positive note, yo u can put up one site or several sites using one account.Site owners can get good SEO results, but the online store building platform is subpar as compared with other platforms. Its a good basic platform if you dont mind having a site that looks somewhat similar to other Site 123 platform users. View Site123 deals now 8. IM Creator (best simple website builder)Your online shoppers will find that the BigCommerce platform is speedy and secure, which will keep your customers returning repeatedly.BigCommerce makes being a shop-owner easy. Set up your online store so that the clients can easily post reviews and make payments. Store managers can quickly add or delete products, manage inventory, create discounts and coupons, handle shipping options and more. View BigCommerce deals now 10. Squarespace (best for DIY website design)Look for user reviews to learn what others with your knowledge base have to say. Seasoned site builders and developers offer an in-depth analysis.It’s easi er to compare site building platforms by comparing one component at a time like design capability, customer support, cost, and online store creation. From there, you will easily be able to construct a short list of options and make your top choice.For me and most others who want a great website, WordPress is the best choice if you take the paid route. If this sounds like you, and you intend to use your site for business or to make money then take a look at the offer below.Our #1 pick:Get top rated hosting for as little as$2.64 per Month Claim your discount now! What are website builders?

Extended Response On The Classical Management - 1223 Words

SECTION 4 Extended Response: Management has been practiced for thousands of years. The management approaches are there to help individuals that want to set up their own business. It gives them a variety of views from all different angles to help them start off. The most common management approaches include Classical, Behavioural and Contingency. The Classical Management is the most useful approach out of the three. It produces two different ideas with both ideas similar to the other. The first idea they had was the Classical Scientific Approach which focuses on the best way of organising the workers and the production procedures. Then after the Scientific Approach came the Classical Bureaucratic Approach which explains how the business†¦show more content†¦Weber and Fayol’s three main functions or use of management is planning, organising and controlling so it will help provide the type of ‘job description’ for managers. â€Å"A goal is a desired outcome (target) that an individual or business intends to achieve within a certain time frame† Chapman Devenish 2006. The motivation to found a business is often a result of a goal the entrepreneur strives to achieve. Goals should be specific, measurable, achievable, and realistic and time bound. This is known as the SMART technique. Goals should be straight forward and specific to the business. They need to be measurable and accurate with a realistic time frame to achieve it. Business goals can help motivate and challenge employees by providing them with a target to aim for. The following are the many forms of goals business’ use. Maximise profit happens when there is a maximum change between the total revenue (The amount of sales made multiplied by the price of the object) coming into the business and after all cost being paid out: Total sales x price = Total Revenue (TR) Total expenses incurred in operating the business = Total Cost (TC) Profit = TR – TC Maximum profit = TR at maximum difference from TC The best way of maximising profit is to increase sales. The best strategy to increase sales is to decrease the price so consumers buy more

Key Events in the History of Spain

Into the Wild Journal (English 4 Erwc) - 5236 Words

Hector Hernandez Mrs. Phillips 3 May 2012 English 4 ERWC/SDAIE â€Å"Into the Wild† â€Å"Krakauer, John. Into the Wild. Double Day: New York, 1996.† â€Å"1. Getting Ready to Read† Answer the 3 Questions†¦Half Page each â€Å"2. Introducing Key Concepts† Story 1 | Story 2 | Story 3 | My view | Her view | My view | Her view | My view | His view | Spoiled | Heart Broken | Educated | Amused | Obsessed | Hurt | Brat | Sad | Helpful | Interested | Mysterious | Sad | Greedy | Depressed | Wasteful | Amused | Not Trustworthy | Angry | Dramatic | Devastated | Ungrateful | Free | Deceptive | Heartbroken | Selfish | Ablated | Selfish | Risk-taker | Unknown | Lost | â€Å"3. Surveying the Text† * â€Å"What might McCandless’s motives have been for his†¦show more content†¦6. â€Å"Is the Character ‘Flat’ or ‘Rounded’? A character is considered flat (or static) when he or she does not experience change of any kind, does not grow from beginning to end. Round characters are those who do experience some sort of growth.† * He is a â€Å"rounded† character because he experience change and forgives his parents while he is in the wild. â€Å"7. Chapter 3: ‘Home† * â€Å"Write a half page response of each of the following questions† 1. â€Å"What was Westerberg like? What kind of character did he have?† 2. â€Å"What was McCandless like? What kind of character did he have? Would you like of known him?† * McCandless was a person that everyone like and every one respected him for being himself. If I could meet him I would of told him to forgive his parents and to pursue his law career. â€Å"8. Chapter 4: ‘The Journey† 1) â€Å"Study the map that begins chapter 4 and refers to it as you follow McCandless’s journey.† a) â€Å"In your journal, list the people McCandless met along the way.† b) â€Å"What was it about McCandless’s personality that made an imprecision on people?† * It is that he is so free and he does whatever he wants to do and everyone likes to help him because he tells a lot of stories. The stories are what people like to hear about. c) â€Å"Note Alex’s journal. Why do you think he avoided using the first person when he talked about himself? Why doesn’t he use the pronoun ‘I’?† * He avoided using the

Down Syndrome And Spina Bifida free essay sample

# 8211 ; Cause, Effects And Treatment Essay, Research Paper Many persons are born with defects due to familial factors. Some such defects occur because the kid inherits a faulty cistron, or cistrons from the parents. Others are caused through mutations- self-generated alterations that occur to a cistron or chromosome. Environmental factors impacting the fetus during the uterine development may besides do defects. If, during gestation, a adult female smokes, consumes alcohol or other drugs, or suffers dietetic lacks, the developing fetus may be adversely affected. About one in every seven hundred births is Down syndrome babe. Down syndrome is now more often referred to as trisomy- 21, as new persons with the upset have three of the chromosome Numberss twenty-one. Features of a babe with Downs Syndrome include a little, circular caput with a big lingua and a wide skull ; a short stature and stubby fingers ; deformity of the bosom, ears, custodies and pess ; and mental deceleration. We will write a custom essay sample on Down Syndrome And Spina Bifida or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Sexual adulthood is seldom attained. The hazard of holding a kid with Down syndrome additions aggressively if a adult female is making the terminal of her child-bearing period. For adult females aged over 45 or over the hazard is around one in 50, whereas for adult females in their in-between generative years- around 20-35 years- the hazard is merely approximately one in a 100. Down syndrome can be detected in cells taken from the amnionic fluid of a pregnant adult female, in a process called amniocentesis. Women holding kids tardily in life are strongly advised to hold such a trial. If the status is detected early in the gestation, the parents have the option of a curative abortion, whereas such patterns are legal. Approximately two in every 1000 babes born in Australia have a nervous tubing defect and about half of these have spina bifida. Spina bifida occurs when the vertebrae of the spinal column fail to organize a complete bony arch around the spinal cord. In about 50 per centum of instances it is the lower back part of the spinal column that is affected. In serious instances, the coverings of the spinal cord and the wall of the spinal pit itself may stick out, ensuing in the gap of the nervous canal to the outside. Surgery to mend this is status frequently consequences in palsy of the lower limbs and associated deficiency of control of intestine and vesica maps. In less terrible instances the spinal malformation may be little, and when it is repaired the kid is able to walk and work usually. The incidence of spina bifida varies well between states. Research workers have been led to believe that there is a strong environmental influence in spina bifida. In recent old ages a nexus has been established between unequal consumption of folic acid before and during gestation and the incidence of nervous tubing defects like spina bifida. A familial nexus to spina bifida is besides likely. All adult females who have a history of nervous defects or spina bifida in the household are at an increased hazard of themselves bring forthing a babe with a nervous tubing defect. However, over 90 five per centum of nervous tubing defects occur in households where at that place has neer been an septic kid. In some instances, the factor with the greater consequence can be identified ; whether it be environmental factors or heredity, but neer the factor that is most of import. Many of the features displayed by worlds are due to the interaction of both heredity and environment. The tallness to which an person grows for illustration, is a instance where heredity plays a function in the finding of the terminal consequence. If a individual has tall parents, it is more likely that he or she excessively, will besides be tall. In add-on, growing is affected by environmental factors like nutrition. The inquiry of that of the two factors- heredity or environment is the more of import has no simple reply.

War and Peace Review Essay Example

War and Peace Review Paper Essay on War and Peace In order to be a genius, it is not necessary to throw vivid phrases and scare the reader zalomistymi plot twists. This is the phenomenon of Tolstoy. I would call this book purification Tolstoy. is nezarastayuschee leaves the impression she is in the shower As you read this book, as it were immersed in a brand new, brick by brick under construction in your imagination world Nabokov wrote in his article on Introduction to hero of our time - a feature of Tolstoys work is not in its individual parts, delving into that, you find nothing daunting and hitting the mind, but in its overall composition, which is the aggregate of all its elements is transformed into something extraordinary. This tutorial is for dushi.V process of reading experience a strange feeling, as if you have got some kind of mechanism, and it, driving its movement, turns everything inside you. If you read carefully, inspired (and the person with a normal level of intelligence in any way differently and not be able to read this breaking proizvdenie), it is impossible not to notice in myself some distortion, alteration, I would even say, clouding of consciousness. We will write a custom essay sample on War and Peace Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on War and Peace Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on War and Peace Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Having read the last page, having closed cover, you know that the body is here, but the soul hovers God knows knows where whether in the sky, or restlessly roams the field of Borodino, but feeling like after going to church- peace, or something then, after a while you begin to realize that something in you has changed. Everything that used to be important, troubled and haunted otliplo as frozen gum, all petty, vain weathered as many years of dust from an old couch and feel the steps on dtsat higher than before. Before cleansing sieve bessmetrnogo ageless sorcerer grandfather Tolstoy) As a psychotherapy definitely War and Peace Review Essay Example War and Peace Review Paper Essay on War and Peace Im surprised your unanimity, gentlemen readers. And pulls from your reviews and comments spirit of Party Congress. I reread War and Peace last summer and was amazed. Pervoe- no heroes among the hundreds of characters. A little pull Bolkonsky, but very much adrift and discomfort in which he is forced to exist, and its unwillingness to change anything just scary. In the end, you can not wait until he finally dies and stop this torture. Natasha light image formed at the school could not stand the sight of a sober adult me. Just an empty and foolish girl with limited interest. Separately, about people. Tolstoys fear before the mob palpable. And its been the only thing he got me interested and puzzled. the intelligentsia and the people a break such depth could not end tragically. The second is the heroism of the people in the war. Once again it is clear that people in Russia have always thrown to the mercy of fate, and especially in difficult times. Defending their settlements from the e nemy, krestne showed medieval practicality, not more. So they protect themselves from their own masters read carefully! As there is one brave gentleman rescued the girl from its own farmers? Particularly unpleasant conclusion of the novel, and the promise of some changes in her sons face Bolkonsky. For some reason it is frightening. Separate bright spot- sincere love for the King in the higher nobility environment. But this school is not to focus on. Tip: read and think, think, think! Yourself! Oh, it seems to PerAlek we agreed in the evaluation! Hello, hello! We will write a custom essay sample on War and Peace Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on War and Peace Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on War and Peace Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

The Role of Alexander Hamilton in Federal Governments in the United States of America

The Role of Alexander Hamilton in Federal Governments in the United States of America What is the most significant part of Hamilton’s argument in Federalist 70? Why does Hamilton argue in favour of a single executive? Are the comparisons Hamilton makes to the Roman warranted? Alexander Hamilton is considered as the founder of principles that govern Federal Governments in the United States of America and thus the true architect of the modern administrative state. Hamilton’s most significant argument in Federal 70 was the creation of a strong executive.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Alexander Hamilton in Federal Governments in the United States of America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hamilton in Federalist 70 believed that good governance could only be attained through an energetic and accountable executive. A critical look at Hamilton’s argument that was attached to the structure of government, administration and rule of law as well as policies is still relevant i n the contemporary United States of America. Hamilton expressed that a strong executive is a fundamental requirement for a nation’s economic prosperity, a view he held so dearly that he made political rivalry between him and people who held different views. It is imperative to note that during constitutional convention which was held in 1787, he advocated for a government in the form of an elected monarchy. This opinion was shot down by delegates in the convention. In spite of the defeat, he continued advocating for creation of a strong executive. Hamilton’s views of a strong executive were anchored on the failures of the confederation plan which aimed at over-devolution of government affairs. It was evident that a plan of devolution that gave states maximum discretion over the federal government was improper. This was because of difficulties in formulating and ratifying rules to govern the same which took years to come up with largely due to disagreements in boundarie s and commerce. In order to support the views of Alexander Hamilton, failure among states to work under the terms of the Paris Treaty that ended the Revolutionary War made leaders to agree on making a strong government that would supervise affairs of the states. This agreement was reached after states started formulating their own independent foreign policies while other states fought on whom to control the western land. By 1787, it was evident that the devolution plan was not working and the solution to this would be formulating a strong federal government that would have executive powers over the states’ governments.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The quest for a strong executive was echoed by Alexander Hamilton and being the first treasury secretary, he planned and wrote reports on modalities of creating strong executive government. His reports included r eport on public credit, manufacturing and creation of a national banking system. Hamilton considered three basic principles in his views regarding the newly agitated public administration structure and strategy. Firstly, Hamilton considered independence, responsibility and power as key principles that would indeed play a role if a strong executive agenda would succeed and give good results. According to Hamilton, the laws that had been ratified by the congress posed limitations on the independence of the federal government. It was his wish that for the executive to be able to implement laws, it required independence and freedom. It was also evident that Hamilton in his later works (such as in Federalist71) showed that there was need for separation of powers between the executive and the legislature. In addition, he showed that it was important to vest adequate authority to the executive such as freedom to determine how best to implement and administer laws. Hamilton was strongly con vinced that a weak government was bound to deliver poor results mainly due to bad policies. He also believed that there was much needed for a decisive organ that would drive policies on behalf of states’ governments. In addition, Hamilton held the view that it required a strong government to protect the people’s interest if they required to rule and be served at the same time. It is evident that the Federalist 70 (a book by Hamilton) was probably the first of its kind on the subject of public administration whose relevance was noted almost a century later. The book outlined what was entailed by â€Å"energy in the executive†. On the principle of power, Hamilton outlined that a strong executive required unity, and that there ought to have been a president as the leader of the government who should be in power for a definite duration of time. Also, he said that the president was supposed to be competent enough to be able understand and push policies for the good o f the nation. The third principle of responsibility was aimed at keeping the executive government accountable so that it didn’t exhibit or exercise too much power. Hamilton suggested that for the executive to be accountable, it required Congress that would supervise it.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Alexander Hamilton in Federal Governments in the United States of America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although Hamilton’s view on separation of powers between the legislature and executive was received well, he suggested that it could not be enough to vest all the authority to the Congress to check the executive. There was need for a stronger executive branch (Congress) that could have power to impeach even the president. There was strong need to check the executive so that it does not exercise too much power. Therefore, the proposed government would be responsible for its actions for the good of the citizen of the nation. In order to prove that his argument was the only way to push for the economic development agenda and a change from agrarian dependent economy to manufacturing, Hamilton in the capacity of treasury secretary was instrumental in the planning and creation of the First Bank of the United States of America which was government-supported. Hamilton’s view on a long term vision was that when an executive government is in place, it is possible to formulate policies that can change even the economic position of the nation. His vision of a manufacturing driven economy was that it would play a major role for America to engage in global commerce compared to an economy driven by agriculture. Hamilton’s strong support for a powerful government led by an executive leader was envisioned in the future of America in the sense that an economic transformation would only be possible when a strong executive was is in place to push the agenda forward. Hamil ton’s values for the administration of the United States of America can be summarized as a system that blends a strong executive (monarchy), a strong legislature (democratic) and an independent judicial system which has powers to overrule the will of the majority if liberty is destroyed (aristocracy). To enable this kind of system to flourish peacefully, there is need to balance them in such a way that none becomes more superior to the other or vise versa.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It was evident that Alexander Hamilton admired and also had passion for Rome. His envisioned America resembled what used to be the administration in Ancient Roman Republic. Rome portrayed a history whose greatness was achieved through trade and commerce. In addition, this history was established and strongly supported by military of elite. It is generally viewed that Rome’s administration was strategized to command and conquer. The empire in Rome was mandated to protect the interests of the people led by a central figure. This was the exact vision that Hamilton had for American administration. In his era, Caesar was referred to as a destroyer of republics and thus never enjoyed the admiration of many people. However, Hamilton admired him and referred to him as â€Å"the greatest villain and the founder†. As mentioned earlier, Humiliations view was to have an executive leader whose mandate was to give an informed leadership by pushing forward the policies that would mak e America great. The Roman Empire shared the same set up. Hamilton’s vision would be put into operation by employing policies and mechanism that would reduce poverty through funding and assumption or through empowering the rich and employing mechanisms of expanding trade throughout the world. The latter would be put in place while still enforcing domestic fiscal authority. This strategy would be possible if a strong executive was put in place to push for these agendas. Hamilton’s vision encompassed a strong government’s quest to empower members of the political elite that would transform the administration from within. To date, America’s administration reflects the foundation that was laid by the founder of modern administration, Alexander Hamilton. His argument regarding the Roman Republic and his admiration of the system of administration in Rome are indeed warranted. Hamilton participated in the enactment of some of his proposals in the constitution th at changed the administration of the United States. Therefore, he can be rightfully referred to as the founder of modern administration in the United States of America.

Causes of resistance to change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Causes of resistance to change - Essay Example There are four basic causes of resistance to change; lack of understanding creates fear of the unknown, different assessment normally happens when organization is making transition to newer technology and people develop irrational sense of doubt about their ability to adapt, self interest in the hope of keeping their job and trying to maintain status quo and finally low tolerance for change. As a manager, I would prefer to deal with the resistance that is developed as a result of lack of understanding because effective communication and proper dissemination of information is essential to dispel any doubts about their ability to adapt successfully to the changes thereby facilitating a change that is positive. If a person is undergoing DADA process, I would intervene mainly because the person has developed the syndrome as a result of lack of understanding and proper counselling would help him to adapt to the changes with more confidence and without any fear of the unknown thus mitigating his anger. Observable aspects of the organizational culture can be defined as a set of code of conduct for the individuals or groups operating under the broader umbrella of organizational values, beliefs and its mission and vision statement. â€Å"The observable level of culture, and consists of behavior patterns and outward manifestations of culture: perquisites provided to executives, dress codes, level of technology utilized..† (Schein, 1992). The people’s behaviour, dress code and interaction with each other also reflect the organization’s value system and shared belief. One can therefore, easily identify an organizational culture from an initial visit by observing the general code of behaviour. An organization with has high values and beliefs would be reflected in the sedate and amicable work atmosphere with well dressed individuals. The individuals and groups would be confidently working towards their vision statement with mutual cooperation

The future of water Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The future of water - Research Paper Example The creator was aware of the importance of water on human life and he gave us great oceans, rivers, streams etc. Moreover he has kept a large stock of water at the underground also. But, unwise human activities and exploitation has spoiled water resources and the world is currently facing drinking water shortages. According to former UN secretary general, Kofi Annan, â€Å"access to safe water is a fundamental human need and therefore, a basic human right. Contaminated water jeopardizes both the physical and social health of all people. It is an affront to human dignity† (Water as a human right). The shortage of drinking water is big problem all over the world. Most of the drinking water resources were contaminated because of heavy industrialization and the usage of powerful chemicals and fertilizers for maximizing agricultural yields. Many people believe that another world war is on card for controlling the fresh water sources. Even the recent Iraq war also suspected as a deliberate attempt by US to exploit the fresh water resources of Iraq rather than the publicly declared objectives. Water pollution affects not only the humans, but also the plants and organisms living in water, land and air. This paper analyses the future of water. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates that approximately 45 percent of assessed waters nationwide do not fully meet water quality standards. This means these water bodies do not meet the basic goal of the Clean Water Act – that they be safe for uses like swimming, fishing, or as a drinking water source. The EPA projects that $388 billion will be needed from 2000 to 2019 to address the nation’s clean water infrastructure problems (All Dried Up, How Clean Water is Threatened by Budget Cuts p.2). The above statistics clearly outlines the severity of the drinking water scarcity problem facing by United Sates at present. The problem with respect to drinking

Strategically Evaluate The Accor Expansion Plan Tourism Essay

Strategically Evaluate The Accor Expansion Plan Tourism Essay The author has to strategically evaluate Accors expansion plan of adding 10,000 rooms per annum in total during two years (2007-2008) in both established market chosen as United States of America and emerging market chosen as China. The author will also review the marketing, financial strategies that Accor has adopted in these markets till now and then suggest future strategies to expand in these markets. The author will also be suggesting about the brand that Accor should look forward to expand. Accor  is a large  French  multinational corporation operating in nearly 90 countries and Accor Hospitality, the Accor hotels branch, has more than 4,000 hotels worldwide. It starts from the most luxurious hotels to the most economic lodging solution. Under its belt there are brands like sofitel, novotel, mercure, ibis, red roof inns, etap, motel 6, studio 6 and formule 1. The group is looking to expand its hotel business in an established (USA) and establishing (China) market by adding 20,000 rooms over the period of two years. The author has to strategically evaluate and make suggestions to the group. With a corporate representation throughout the world, Accor Hotels have become one of the largest players in the industry. It is an intricate organisation with multiple brands and qualifications of hotels, as well as supplementary products and services. Accor finds it important to incorporate the small and medium-sized hotels in managing customers needs and requests as they are the direct link to the customers. Accor  is a large  French  multinational corporation operating in nearly 90 countries. Accor is the European leader in hotels (Accor Hospitality) and a global leader in corporate services (Accor Services). Accor Hospitality, the Accor hotels branch, has more than 4,000 hotels worldwide. It starts from the most luxurious hotels to the most economic lodging solution. (Reference: http://www.fundinguniverse.com) Aims Objectives: This report aims to develop international expansion plans for Accor in established and emerging market in the given span of time during the year 2007-2008. The objective is to provide rationale for the selection of markets, and propose branding, finance, and marketing strategy to the Board of ACCOR to add an additional 10,000 rooms per annum across both established markets (Europe, including France and North America) and other areas of the world (Latin America, Africa, Middle East and Asia/Pacific). Research Methodology: This report is based on the case study for the ACCOR group of hotels which is from the module study guide and is a piece of research by the The Centre for Hospitality Research at Cornell University. The various secondary sources accessed have been as following: internet, journals, professional reports, government reports and others to produce data for the targeted markets. In 1967 Gà ©rard Pelisson and Paul Dubrule opened their first Novotel hotel on a roadside near Lille in northern France. Travel was booming in France in the 1960s and the hotel industry had not yet expanded to meet the demand. French hotels, in general, were either rural inns or luxury hotels in city centers. Dubrule decided to build American-style highway hotels in the medium price range and collaborated with Pelisson, a former head of market research at IBM-Europe. Through Pelissons connections the partners were able to secure a bank loan, and the Novotel firm was launched. The companys ensuing success was in large part due to its being first to break into the unexploited European market for highway lodging. Each Novotel provided standardized rooms, ample parking facilities, and restaurants featuring local cuisine. Soon Novotels also were established at airports and popular vacation sites, such as the seaside and mountain areas. The acquisition of the Mercure hotel chain in 1975 pushed the company into metropolitan areas and the business traveler market, and these hotels varied according to regional demands in style, character, and restaurant offerings. By the end of the 1970s Novotel had become the premier hotel chain in Europe with 240 establishments in Europe, Africa, South America, and the Far East. Accors brand worldwide Formule1 Lowest rates on the market. Functional room for one, Two or three people. All-you-can-eat breakfast buffet. Round-the-clock check-in. Etap Pleasant convenient room for one, two or three people. Budget price. All-you-can-eat breakfast buffet. Round-the-clock check-in. Motel 6 The lowest price of any national chain. Red Roof Inn Renovated product. Low rates. Comfortable beds. RediCard Preferred Member loyalty program. Ibis Simple, reliable pricing policy. Always very well situated, in city centres, close to airports or near major tourist or business areas. Service quality (ISO 9001 certification and 15-minute satisfaction guarantee). Environmentally friendly waste, water and energy management systems. Teams on duty around the clock. Breakfast served from 4:00 a.m. to noon. Hot snacks available at any time. Mercure Shared values, such as a strong regional focus, a unique personality and an exceptional wine list. For business and leisure stays, in city centres, at the seaside or in the mountains. Novotel Open spaces featuring contemporary design, for rest and relaxation. Bright, spacious, pleasant rooms where guests can work or unwind in a comfortable setting. Customers can eat whatever, whenever and wherever they want. Offers adapted to the needs of all travellers. Suite Hotel Innovative, modern concept. 30-square-meter modular suites. With Boutique Gourmand, food can be purchased around the clock in the hotel lobby. Free relaxing massage every Thursday evening. The longer the stay, the lower the price. Smart cars made available free-of-charge to medium-stay customers. Sofitel Prime locations in leading business centres and resorts. Each hotel is unique in its design, architecture and culture. Sofitels exclusive MyBed concept, the guarantee of a good nights sleep. Restaurants offering innovative, contemporary cuisine that surprises diners, awakening their senses and stirring their emotions. Hotel Distribution Worldwide Accor has its 4,000 hotels in 90 countries. It has its presence all seven continents and in all mojor cities. (Reference: www.accorhotels.com) Europe Africa Asia Australia North America Andorra Algeria Cambodia Australia Canada Austria Benin China Fiji Islands Mexico Belgium Burkina Faso India French Polynesia USA Bulgaria Burundi Indonesia New Zealand Cyprus Cameroun Japan Norfolk Island Czech Republic Chad Laos France Egypt Malaysia Germany Equatorial Guinea Philippines Greece Gabon Singapore Hungary Ghana South Korea Ireland Guinea Thailand Italy Ivory Coast Vietnam Lithuania Mauritania Luxembourg Mauritius Monaco Morocco Netherlands Nigeria Poland Reunion Portugal Rwanda Romania Senegal Russia South Africa Spain Tunisia Development strategy Accors hotel business has continued its sustained pace of development. Most importantly, they devised a new, more efficient business model based on two foundations: Stronger brands those are now more visible, more attractive and more strategically aligned. An asset right real estate strategy, which consists of adapting operating structures to the profile of each country and market segment. Pelisson and Dubrule developed their expanding company with a decentralized management and a unique dual chairmanship. Although to comply with French law the partners took turns holding the official position of chairman, they made all decisions jointly and shared responsibilities, immersing themselves in all aspects of the business. The companys specialty became variety, providing hotel chains to fit every need. In 1973 Sphere S.A. was created as a holding company for a new chain of two-star, no-frills hotels, called Ibis; the first Ibis was opened the following year. During this time, the company also acquired Courte Paille, a chain of roadside steakhouses founded in 1961, which reflected many of the same priorities as Novotel: practicality, easy parking, consistent quality, and quick service. (Reference: http://www.fundinguniverse.com) Accor expanded at a far swifter rate than its international rivals, becoming the largest operator in Europe. It led the market in France and West Germany, and expanded in the medium and economy range in Spain, Italy, and Britain with its $75 million investment budget. The companys European base provided three-quarters of its revenue, with more than half coming from hotels and the rest from its foodservices. (Reference: http://www.fundinguniverse.com) In 1997, Dubrule and Pelisson decided to retire from active management and were succeeded by Jean-Marc Espalioux. Espaliouxs new management team focussed on relocating Accors cash. In an effort, to deleverage themselves and free resources to provide for expansion, Accor disposed of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬3 billion of real estate assets as part of a sale and leaseback programme. (Reference: http://www.fundinguniverse.com) Business Mix Accor S.A. operates in hotels and services sector worldwide. It provides luxury and upscale, midscale, and economy hotel services. It also designs, develops, and manages prepaid solutions, including food vouchers, welfare and assistance programs, family assistance solutions, gift vouchers and cards, loyalty programs and incentive campaigns, and expense management services to corporate clients and public institutions. In addition, the company operates restaurants and casinos, as well as provides onboard train services to the railway sector. Accor was incorporated in 1960 and is headquartered in Evry, France. Financial Performance Profit before tax rose to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬727 million in 2005, an all-time record, and the Groups balance sheet was more solid than ever. Based on these results, shareholders will be asked to approve an ordinary dividend of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬1.45 per share, a 26.1% increase, plus an exceptional dividend of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬1.50 per share, representing a total payout of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬320 million. This dividend policy is accompanied by a share buyback program that has had a positive effect on earnings per share. (Reference: www.accorhotels.com) Accors 2006 results were excellent, as can be seen in three key figures: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Revenue rose by 6.6%, the biggest increase since 1998. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Profit before tax rose by 28% to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬727 million, a record. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ EBITDAR margin, at 27.4%, was our highest ever. These figures prove that Accor is developing fast and enjoying very good financial health, as illustrated by their low level of debt. Another reason for satisfaction is that these improved results concern both the Services and the Hotels businesses. For the year, revenue was up 15.5% in Services and 6.1% in Hotels. And, if 2006 was a very good year, the outlook for 2007 is also very encouraging. With the two businesses growth potential, the economic turnaround (especially in Europe with the upturn in the hotel cycle) and the emerging markets of China and India, they have every reason to be optimistic. For 2007, Accor is on track to step up the pace of growth, with the goal of adding 200,000 rooms by 2008. (Reference: www.accorhotels.com) Strategy Very quickly too, it became apparent that there was a need for a clearer strategy that would enable the Group to more accurately identify its development priorities and, more importantly, focus its managerial and financial resources. In addition to this two-pronged strategic shift, senior management, under the leadership of Gilles Pà ©lisson, outlined a sustained expansion strategy combining acquisitions, notably in the Services business, and stepped up organic growth in the Hotels business with the opening of 200,000 new rooms between 2006 and 2010, especially in China, India and other fast-growing regions. Redefining the market positioning of the brands also made it necessary to reposition the Sofitel brand and create a new non-standardized banner in the economy segment, All Seasons. The brand strategy has led to a shift away from the Accor corporate banner toward the operating brands. Accor focuses repeatedly on a specific vision for growth and believes in sustainable, profitable growth through three pillars: A geographically and structurally balanced portfolio A disciplined, and results-oriented management of resources and assets A set of powerful, aligned brands (Ref: case study) The Right Approach became Accors strategic vision of its Hotels division focussed on making Accors Hotels business more profitable, less cyclical and well appreciated by its clients: To achieve these goals, five levers drive the Right Approach: Align the brand portfolio with customer expectations (The Right Brands) Redefine the networks around this brand portfolio (The Right Network) Improve hotel operating performance in the reconfigured business base (The Right Operating Performance) Adapt hotel operating structures to improve return on capital employed and reduce cash-flow volatility (The Right Asset Management) Shift the corporate culture to deliver the best value-added services to hotel owners (The Right Service Provider). Ownership Structure For the lower and mid segment hotels Accor can consider giving franchises or entering in joint ventures. However, for the high end segment hotels like sofitel and novotel, Accor should maintain ownership approach as these properties have higher profit sensitivity. In 2003, Accor opened 10 new properties under these brands, and they owned or leased these new properties. Accor should have less capital-intensive operating structures, which is a key to their success, especially in economically sensitive countries. While Accor owns and leases some properties, they also look to management contracts and franchising. (Reference: case study) Developed Market For the developed market the author has chosen three developed markets from which one will be shortlisted after the analyses. The author has chosen UK, France and USA as its markets for analysis. Accor has great presence in all the three markets. Accor has 125 hotels in UK mainly in the mid-segment. The demand for mid-segment hotels in the UK is strong and most of the Accor hotels are doing well. However, UK is not a big market compared to the US for Accor. Accor already has a good presence in the European market and hence there is limited scope of expansion. Similarly, in France Accor have a staggering number of hotels and resorts in all segments. It also has a lot of services in France. It has its strongest presence in France considering the size of France to the UK and the US. Accor already has a very good presence in France in all the segments. Hence it has little scope for growth. In the USA, Accor has motel 6 and studio 6. It is also present in the upscale market. However, it still has a large scope for expansion in all the segments as the US market is so vast and diverse. Therefore, in the developed markets, the author has shortlisted the US market for the addition of 10,000 rooms in the year 2007-08. Developing Market Like the developed market the author will choose three developing markets and shortlist one of them for the analysis. The developing markets are India, China and South Korea. South Korea is relatively a small country and the economic growth is not impressive enough for Accor to add 10,000 rooms in this market. Accor entered the Indian market in the early 80s and failed miserably. Accor has few operational hotels in India mainly business hotels. However, the political system in India is somewhat chaotic as compared to China. The third market chosen is China. China is a huge country in terms of land and is the fastest growing economy in the world. It has a stable government and its foreign policies towards the hospitality industry are very friendly. Therefore, the author has shortlisted China as its developing market. ESTABLISHED MARKET (USA) _______________________________________________________ Rationale The United States of America (commonly referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km ²) and with about 305 million people, the United States is the third largest country by total area and third largest by land area and by population. The United States is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the largest national economy in the world, with an estimated gross domestic product (GDP) of US$14.3 trillion (23% of the world total based on nominal GDP and almost 21% at purchasing power parity). (Reference: http://www.wikipedia.com) Geographical Location North America  is the northern  continent  of the  Americas,  situated in the  Earths  northern hemisphere  and almost totally in the  western hemisphere. It is bordered on the north by the  Arctic Ocean, on the east by the North  Atlantic Ocean, on the southeast by the  Caribbean Sea, and on the south and west by the North  Pacific Ocean;  South America  lies to the southeast. North America covers an  area  of about 24,709,000  square kilometres  (9,540,000  square miles), about 4.8% of the planets surface or about 16.5% of its land area. As of July 2008, its  population  was estimated at nearly 529 million people. It is the  third-largest  continent in area, following  Asia  and  Africa, and the fourth in population after Asia, Africa, and  Europe. (Reference: http://www.wikipedia.com) PESTLE Analysis Political A seldom-stated fact of life is that without political stability it is impossible to have economic progress. Until a nation has a stable political system in place, it is impossible for people to plan their lives, conduct business successfully and go about their daily routines with any hope for the future. The United States has enjoyed 135 years of political stability since the end of the Civil War. The United States is the oldest democratic republic. This is an incredible accomplishment. It is amazing that no other country has been able to copy the American system of government successfully. It is as if that system is uniquely suited to that single country. (Reference: http://www.wikipedia.com) With mass manufacturing long gone from America, hospiatality industry is one of the key generators of revenue. Hence the American government has given some concessions for the development and growth of the industry: Grant of Infrastructure Status for hotels Concession for Convention Centres Continuation of Concessions   Depreciation rate for hotel buildings Concession in Income Tax Act for the Hotel Industry (Reference: http://www.capitalmarket.com) Economical Fortunately for U.S. hotel owners and operators, actual RevPAR improvement through the first six months of 2004 has already reached 9.5 percent. Most encouraging was the 3.2 percent increase in ADR. Record-breaking growth rates for revenues and profits are certainly welcome news for U.S. hotel owners and operators. The industry leaders have forecasted growth in the coming years for hospitality industry in the USA. Also with backing of the US government the hospitality industry is believe to show good results in coming years. (Reference: http://www.wikipedia.com) Social The American population is comparatively young compared to other developed nations like Japan and Germany and a lot of young immigrant work force is also available in the country. Therefore, it is doubly beneficial for the hospitality industry, which is always on the lookout for young work force and customers. The American government safeguards the interests of its people through following agendas: the social inclusion process Coordination of social security schemes Anti-discrimination and relations with civil society Equality between women and men Social Agenda 2005-10 (Reference: http://www.childstats.gov) Technological The effective use of hospitality technology is one of the key factors in providing stellar customer service, since the proper implementation of this technology helps to ensure that key aspects of service are not accidentally forgotten or avoided. The hospitality sector in the US spent a total of $917 million in 2006 on RD activities, compared to $784 million in 2005. As the President outlined in his State of the Union Address, the ACI commits $5.9 billion in FY 2007 and more than $136 billion over 10 years to increase investments in research and development (RD), strengthen education, and encourage entrepreneurship and innovation. (Reference: http://www.capitalmarket.com) Legal The lobour laws in America are very stringent. Therefore, the hotel has to abide by the rules to avoid fines and getting into legal disputes. Some of the laws for the hospitality industry are as follows: Common Law System Right To Privacy American with Disabilities Act Safety and Security Food and Beverage Consumption Employment Workplace Contracts Travel and Tourism The international arrivals market for the United States has changed significantly since 2000. This goal of this analysis is to provide insights into changes affecting the top inbound markets to the U.S. The U.S. welcomed 56 million international visitors from 213 countries during 2006, up 10 percent from 2005. Total arrivals were also up 9 percent from 2000, the former record year for total non-resident visitation to the country. Arrival records were set by 72 countries, nine of which were among the top 20 inbound markets. Therefore, in 2007, the growth in arrivals was driven more from the emerging markets than the top arrival markets. Overseas arrivals (excluding Canada and Mexico) totalled 23.9 million during 2006, up 10 percent from 2005. Travel from overseas markets accounted for 43 percent of total arrivals to the U.S. and contributed significantly to the overall growth in international arrivals in 2007. Although overseas travel is rebounding from its low in 2003 it was down eight percent from its peak in 2000 (graph below). Fourteen of the top 20 overseas markets exceeded 2006 arrivals levels by double-digits: Germany, France, Australia, Brazil, Italy, India, PRC/HK, Spain, the Netherlands, Ireland, Venezuela, Colombia, Sweden and Israel. (Reference: http://www.travelstatistics.com) Economic Growth In real terms, Americas economy grew by 3.7 percent in 2006, faster than most other developed economies around the globe and faster than the historical U.S. growth rate, since 1970, of 3.2 percent. The overall level of GDP was $9.89 trillion (in 2000) when Bush was elected and $9.87 trillion in the third quarter of 2006. Exactly three years later, GDP is $10.88 trillion, a 10 percent real increase. To put that in perspective, just the growth of the U.S. economy over the past three years is larger than half of the entire French economy. (Reference: http://www.economicreform.com) Brand Selection Headquartered in Dallas (Carrollton), Texas, Accor North America operates more than 900 upscale and economy properties including nationwide economy leaders Studio 6 and Motel 6 and the upscale Sofitel and mid-scale Novotel and Ibis hotel locations in the U.S., Canada and Mexico. Its flagship chain, Motel 6, caters primarily to vacationing families in the US and Canada with a limited menu of amenities. Accors plan for the U.S. should focus on Motel 6, Studio 6, Sofitel and Novotel brands. The company should plan to grow Motel 6 and Studio 6 aggressively. Were working on new prototypes for both brands, Le Mener said. We intend to be very aggressive with a goal to develop 70 to 75 properties a year, Mener added. Novotel should follow the growth plan of Sofitel, which is to have properties only in the top 20 to 25 markets in the U.S. We see Novotel as an international network, he said. Business travellers and families on a vacation are looking for budget hotels as they want the cheapest mode of accommodation. Accor has a great presence in the low budget segment and therefore, it should continue to grow its hold in this segment. However, it should also look at growing in other segments of the market. This will help Accor in creating brand awareness and also increase its market share in the US. Accor in USA Brand Hotels Rooms Managed/Franchised Motel 6 815 85,421 127 Red Roof Inns 360 39,622 101 Studio 6 37 4,714 2 Sofitel 8 2,633 1 Novotel 6 1,835 3 Total 1,226 134,225 234 (Reference: http://www.accor.com) Financial Strategy Accor USA was struggling with manual account reconciliation that postponed month-end accounting for its growing number of properties. Department inefficiencies and error-prone manual processes caused delays with the identification of exceptions like missing and late deposits. High turnover at properties and reporting delays exposed the company to expensive losses with annual write-offs averaging $1.5 million. Accor USA had no process for escheatment and a 2004 audit resulted in $3 million dollars in penalties for unclaimed property that had not been filed with the appropriate states. (Reference: http://www.accor.com) Accor USA faces a lot of financial problems that cannot be sorted out in a matter of time. It has very less cash left to fund its operation in the USA. Although, the funds from operations increased 7% to $906 million in 2005, it still struggles to keep up. Capital expenditure for renovation and maintenance rose by nearly 15% to   $326 million during the year, and represented 4.5% of revenues, versus 4.2% in 2005. Free cash flow amounted to $580 million. (Reference: http://www.accor.com) As seen above, Accor USAs debt is decreasing and cash flows are increasing, therefore it should concentrate on the expansion programme as the cash flows increase. However, it should focus on economy hotels like Motel 6 and Studio 6 as they require less money. To fund these projects Accor can raise cash money from equity market and some from its operations. With its more substantial financial resources, Accor should step up the pace of growth and enjoy greater financial flexibility. The initial three-year (2005-2007) expansion budget has been increased by 39%, to EUR 1.7 billion from EUR 1.2 billion, to fund the development of various hotel projects in the U.S. (Reference: http://www.accor.com) To improve its financial flexibility, Accor should undertake an innovative real estate management strategy designed to meet two main objectives: Reduce capital intensity in upscale hotels. Variable holding costs in the midscale segment. In the upscale segment (Sofitel), Accor wants to sell the hotel properties while retaining the management contract, sometimes with a minority stake, in order to reduce earnings volatility in a segment that is more sensitive to business cycles. The objective is for 75% of all Sofitel units to be under management contract in 2006, versus 62% in 2004 and 52% in 2000. (Reference: http://www.accor.com) In midscale hotels, fixed leases are going to be transformed into variable leases based on a percentage of revenues with no minimum guaranteed.   One of the objectives is to variable a proportion of the hotels fixed costs. Marketing Strategy Accors big-spender approach has made it the arch-collector of brands, and some observers wonder whether the group can continue being all things to all people without diluting its focus. Nevertheless, its an approach that has established the French company as the worlds third-largest hotel operator, and its coverage of multiple market sectors allows it to spread the risks of a downturn in any one part of its business. Accor group should be focussing on marketing its hotels through advertisements in magazines, television and Accors other services operational in the U.S. It has joined hands with various magazines and is actively participating in television adverts, which will help in marketing its product. Many customers locate and book their Accor hotel accommodation through www.accorhotels.com and associated brand-specific web sites, where they are offered the opportunity to opt-in to an online communications programme. Accors online relationship marketing strategy should aim to convert prospects into customers and build customer value through increasing the depth of relationship and growing revenues from repeat bookings, cross-sales, up-sales and referrals. Customer relationship and marketing director of Accor Hotels, Mathieu Staat, said, Online relationship marketing is an important, but complex activity for us. Accor have several hotel brands and offer online communications in up to five languages to subscribers across 15 target zones. They also run six different loyalty and subscription cards.

Education: Past, Present, And Future :: essays research papers

Education: Past, Present, and Future Education, without it we would all be mindless wonders wandering around the globe. Education is an important factor in our lives, but the past, present, and future of education is changing. And change it will until our education system is the best in the world. In the past, Education in America was plain and simple. We've all heard the stories of how our ancestors used to have to walk to school 5 miles in the snow in the heat of summer. These shameless exagerations were meant for us to think that school back in the "good ole days" was very dificult and surpassed the level of difficulty students today have. In reality, school, although most early schools were combonation classes with a variety of age groups as students. Almost each individual was given an equal amount of personal help from the teacher. Also, life wasn't as complecated as they are now. One teacher would teach the whole class a limeted variety of subjects such as arithmatic and english. Education was just eaiser when it first became popular. Nowadays, in the present, school not only is a place to learn, it's a place to stress out. As I walk through the halls all students seem to have that academic nervousness. If you listen to the conversations that go on in the hall it's always, "Ohh my gosh, Becky! I'm going to have a fat cow! I think I'm getting a B in my chemistry class, and that is going to ruin my record." Pressure is constantly put upon students to get "straight A's" It is very rare when a student will not shoot for an A on a quiz. It's human nature to succeed, but with the pressure put on us by the teachers, parents, peers, and colleges, it's a heavy load to handle. Now, scientists recently did an expiriment. They placed a child in a room with some brand new toys. They left him there for a couple of hours and he did not play with them. The scientists puzzeled took the boy aside and asked him why he did not play with the toys. The boy replied that he did not want to break them. So, scientists then took another child and placed him in a room filled with horse manure. The boy was having fun swimming around in it, having a blast with the horse manure. When the scientists asked the boy why he played with the horse manure, the boy replied, "Well, with all of this horse manure, there has

Can You Teach Compassion?

Can You â€Å"Teach† Compassion As nurse educators, who could be a better example of teaching compassion to us than the Son of God Himself, Jesus Christ? Jesus was the ultimate teacher, healer, and lover of mankind. Matthew 9:35-39 states: â€Å"Then Jesus went about all the cities and villages, teaching in their synagogues, preaching the gospel of the kingdom, and healing every sickness and every disease among the people. But when He saw the multitudes, He was moved with compassion for them, because they were weary and scattered, like sheep having no shepherd. Then He said to His disciples, ‘The harvest truly is plentiful, but the laborers are few.Therefore pray the Lord of the harvest to send out laborers into His harvest. ’†(NKJV) As Christians, Jesus Christ is our example of how to live. If Jesus could have compassion for those who He loved, so should we. We should show this compassion to our patients as we seek to help them reach healing. We should see k to teach our students how to have compassion for those that they will serve. Compassion, or caring, can be viewed as â€Å"nursing’s most precious asset† (Schantz, 2007), a fundamental element of nursing care (Dietze and Orb, 2000), and as one of the strengths of the profession.One can think of few other professions that are known for their â€Å"caring†. But this act of caring does not come naturally to the nursing student-it must be taught. The nurse educator must seek out specific exercises to instill caring practices in the nursing student. According to Wright (2004), â€Å"Society has witnessed an increase in the power of technology, and this appears to be mirrored in nursing, where the technical and managerial aspects of care take priority over care delivery – possibly because the expansion of nurses’ role has eroded the essence of nursing. The nurse of today is so busy with computer charting, monitoring, and the technical duties of nursin g that little time is actually left for â€Å"caring† for the patient. The nurse of today’s technology overloaded healthcare field must make a special effort to learn how to show compassion to his/her patients. Do nursing students understand compassionate care? According to Pearcey (2007), â€Å"student nurses considered that it was doing the little things for patients that constituted a caring approach. Pearcey goes on to offer the perspective that â€Å"nursing has a functional component or ‘doing’ role, as well as a ‘being’ role. † As human beings, we have all been touched by someone’s compassion for us. Therefore, most of us, including nursing students, have a basic understanding of what compassion is and how to administer it. That being said, nursing students do not automatically know how to integrate compassion into their daily nursing care and must be taught these skills. Dr. Patch Adams, M. D. (2011) of the Gesundheit In stitute has studied the value of compassionate care and its positive effect on holistic care.He has encouraged, challenged, and enticed medical schools to include compassion training in their programs. Dr. Adams has suggested that medical (and nursing) students be included in a two-year study of compassion to help them learn to recognize, appreciate, and integrate compassion into every aspect of the care they give. His suggestions for a small student group study of compassion include: 1. Keep a journal about your relationship to love and compassion. What is it? Ask everyday—How are you giving it? (Pay close attention. Be present. ) How are you receiving it? From everything, from strangers, from trees, etc. ) 2. Do outrageous things for love, like clowning. 3. Actually see if you can produce the vibration of compassion for prolonged periods. What sustains it? (friends, having meaning, fun †¦ ) What hurts it? (arrogance, apathy, tight underwear †¦ ) Are there times yo u do not want to be compassionate? 4. Be observant of compassion in action around you, everywhere. Give details of its languages. 5. Become aware of compassionate projects around the world and plan on at least one elective at a project.Post these projects on this website and ideally how to contact them. 6. Explore the language of love and compassion. Read psychologists and poets, write essays on things you love. Add books you love to our book list. 7. How do you recognize love/compassion? Are there measurements? 8. Do we invite professors in on our exploration? Who? 9. How do you change performances of compassion in different situations? 10. At the small weekly meetings, find easy ways to present your findings to the group. Mention difficulties and ways they were overcome.Search for common languages to speak of these things. Keep notes. Bring questions for the group and preceptor. Integrating these discussion topics to be used in small nursing student groups could effectively teach the nursing student to administer compassionate nursing care. Not to say that teaching compassion to nursing students is an easy job. Not only is compassion difficult to define, but even more difficult to measure, leading to a broad range of definitions and measurements that confound and discourage the teacher and the student.Newton (2010) argues that â€Å"the key to developing a compassionate nurse is being a role model for them so they know how to act with patients and what kinds of approaches to care they should take. Too often, we make assumptions that a junior nurse instinctively â€Å"knows† how to wash or feed a patient or how to deliver fundamental care. † In conclusion, according to researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison (2008) emotions like compassion can be taught. The healthcare providers and patients expect and demand that nurses provide compassionate care.The challenge exists for nurse educators to model and teach compassionate nursing care i n an ever-demanding, technologically growing nursing profession. References: Adams, P. (2011, March). Education of compassion. Patch Adams M. D. & Gesundheit! Institute. Retrieved from http://patchadams. org/education-in-compassion-update-march-2011 Dietze, E. V. , Orb, A. (2000) Compassionate care: a moral dimension in nursing. Nursing Inquiry; 7: 3, 166-174. Fields, J. (2008, March 27). Can you really teach compassion? New study says yes. jonathanfields. Retrieved from http://www. jonathanfields. com/blog/can-you-really-teach-compassion-new-study-

National Basketball Association The Lockout Essay

National Basketball Association: The Lockout Jestina N Shand Webster University Abstract (150 words) This paper explores the history of the relationship of National Basketball Association and National Basketball Players Association. It’s really the behind the scenes acts of the players and owners that dictate what we watch on television. This behind the scenes activity is the act of collective bargaining, which has existed since the begging. Collective bargaining in sports is the process by which owners in the professional sports leagues negotiate with the players in their league on every issue that affects the sport. In this paper we are going to focus on the NBA (NATIONAL Basketball Association) National Basketball Association: The Game Off The Court The game of basketball was founded by Canadian physical education instructor James Naismith in 1891. It was a game that was first played in local YMCA that helped developed the game to what it is today. The YMCA had a major role in spreading basketball thought the world. In 1893 basketball was now played at the collegiate level. A few years later in 1898 the first professional league was founded. The National Basketball League consisted of six teams, but was later abandoned in 1904. The game continued to be played in YMCA and colleges around the world. Basketball was known as an international sport and in 1932 FIBA (International Basketball Federation) was formed. Fifty-five years later after the game we all grew toShow MoreRelatedThe Basketball Association Of America Essay1170 Words   |  5 PagesThe game of basketball was founded by Canadian physical education instructor James Naismith in 1891. It was a game that was first played in local YMCA that helped develop the game to what it is today. The YMCA had a major role in spreading basketball throughout the world. In 1893 basketball was now playing at the collegiate level. A few years later in 1898 the first professional league was founded. The National Basketball League consisted of six teams, but was later abandoned in 1904. The game continuedRead MoreSocial And Economic Impacts Of The Industrial Revolution1553 Words   |  7 Pagesincreasing power and significance of labor unions in the workforce was not lost on athletes. Boston Celtic Bob Cousy, a six time NBA champion, perennial All-Star, and the 1957 Most Valuable Player of the National Basketball Association created the player union titled The National Basketball Players Association (NBPA) in 1954. Team owners gave the NBPA recognition in 1957; however, due to a lack of interest from the players and a lack general organization, the NBPA was not taken seriously by anyone, and asRead MoreThe Nba Player s Association1415 Words   |  6 Pageslevel, the y also experience bad work conditions, dissatisfied with how they are treated, unreasonable pay and benefits, and the organization not being interested in their well being. According to an article by Andrew Flint, â€Å"The NBA Player’s Association was founded in 1954 with Bob Cousy of the Boston Celtics as the first president. It wasn’t recognized by the owners until 1964 when the players threatened to boycott the first televised All-Star Game† (Flint, 2013). The NBA labor union was createdRead MoreHow Collective Bargaining Agreements Effect The Players And The Owners1416 Words   |  6 PagesMost people around the world enjoy sporting events. These events are considered great entertainment options. So what does professional baseball, football, basketball, and most other companies around the United States have in common? If you guessed Collective Bargaining Agreements (CBA), Unions, arbitration and strikes/work stoppages you are absolutely correct. In the coming paragraphs, labor relations within the world of sports will be discussed from their unions to how collective bargaining agreementsRead MoreThe Sports Of Professional Baseb all Professional Sports1266 Words   |  6 PagesLockouts refer to when owners or management closes their doors to their employees. A strike is when employees refuse to work. In most cases labor unions are born out of unfair working conditions and wages were salaries that may be minimal. One might not think of poor working conditions minimal salary when it comes to the three major sports of professional baseball professional basketball in the National Football League. You look at athletes like Michael Jordan, Kobe Bryant, Peyton Manning, and AlexRead MoreAthletes Should Not Be Paid Than Athletes1131 Words   |  5 Pages(Professional Athletes†). In today s society, one is not actually paid more based on the economic importance of their occupation. Instead, those involved in the entertainment industry get paid larger salaries than those shaping the future. In the 1996 basketball season, Michael Jordan made 170,000 dollars a day, whereas an average teacher will only collect 4 0,000 dollars a year (Professional Athletes). The salaries of athletes do not directly reflect their roles in the world. Professional athletes onlyRead MoreEssay about The Origin of the Game of Basketball1391 Words   |  6 Pagesfans across the globe may get thrills while watching an intense minor or professional basketball game, although, few actually know where or how this widely popular sport was created. From this paper, one will acquire information about the origin of the game of basketball, how the game has evolved over time, and basketball as a business. â€Å"The two questions that I am most commonly asked when I am discussing basketball with persons whom I have just met are, How did you come to think of it? and WhatRead MoreThe Nba Makes A Profit907 Words   |  4 Pagessponsorships, television contracts and selling merchandise. The National Basketball Association recently signed a new TV agreement with TNT and ESPN to approximately make $2.6 billion per season. Even with a total of 400 or so odd active players making an average of close to $5 million annually, national TV contracts generate enough revenue to cover salaries and then some. This graph depicts league revenue of the National Basketball Association from the 2001/02 season to the 2014/15 season (StatisticaRead MoreBackground of the NBA Lockout1366 Words   |  5 Pagesneither side. Background The NBA lockout that was experienced in 2011 was the fourth lockout to have been experienced in the history of NBA. The lock out began on expiring of the collective bargaining agreement that had been made in 2006. The lockout lasted one hundred and sixty one days (CACCIOLA, 2011). The crucial issues that brought about the lockout that resulted from the disagreement of owners and players represented by National Basketball Players Association were the salary cap structure, theRead MoreA Long History Of Labor Disputes1421 Words   |  6 Pageslabor disputes within the organization. Players have been fighting for fair pay, honest representation and benefits. This has led to modification of the collective agreement, which in turn, has led to strikes and lockouts. In recent years the NBA has faced challenges concerning lockouts because of the inability of the players union and the NBA to reach a collective agreement deal. In 2011 the NBA team owner’s lockedout out the players. Thi s resulted in months of conflict and negotiations. The effects

National Basketball Association The Lockout Essay

National Basketball Association: The Lockout Jestina N Shand Webster University Abstract (150 words) This paper explores the history of the relationship of National Basketball Association and National Basketball Players Association. It’s really the behind the scenes acts of the players and owners that dictate what we watch on television. This behind the scenes activity is the act of collective bargaining, which has existed since the begging. Collective bargaining in sports is the process by which owners in the professional sports leagues negotiate with the players in their league on every issue that affects the sport. In this paper we are going to focus on the NBA (NATIONAL Basketball Association) National Basketball Association: The Game Off The Court The game of basketball was founded by Canadian physical education instructor James Naismith in 1891. It was a game that was first played in local YMCA that helped developed the game to what it is today. The YMCA had a major role in spreading basketball thought the world. In 1893 basketball was now played at the collegiate level. A few years later in 1898 the first professional league was founded. The National Basketball League consisted of six teams, but was later abandoned in 1904. The game continued to be played in YMCA and colleges around the world. Basketball was known as an international sport and in 1932 FIBA (International Basketball Federation) was formed. Fifty-five years later after the game we all grew toShow MoreRelatedThe Basketball Association Of America Essay1170 Words   |  5 PagesThe game of basketball was founded by Canadian physical education instructor James Naismith in 1891. It was a game that was first played in local YMCA that helped develop the game to what it is today. The YMCA had a major role in spreading basketball throughout the world. In 1893 basketball was now playing at the collegiate level. A few years later in 1898 the first professional league was founded. The National Basketball League consisted of six teams, but was later abandoned in 1904. The game continuedRead MoreSocial And Economic Impacts Of The Industrial Revolution1553 Words   |  7 Pagesincreasing power and significance of labor unions in the workforce was not lost on athletes. Boston Celtic Bob Cousy, a six time NBA champion, perennial All-Star, and the 1957 Most Valuable Player of the National Basketball Association created the player union titled The National Basketball Players Association (NBPA) in 1954. Team owners gave the NBPA recognition in 1957; however, due to a lack of interest from the players and a lack general organization, the NBPA was not taken seriously by anyone, and asRead MoreThe Nba Player s Association1415 Words   |  6 Pageslevel, the y also experience bad work conditions, dissatisfied with how they are treated, unreasonable pay and benefits, and the organization not being interested in their well being. According to an article by Andrew Flint, â€Å"The NBA Player’s Association was founded in 1954 with Bob Cousy of the Boston Celtics as the first president. It wasn’t recognized by the owners until 1964 when the players threatened to boycott the first televised All-Star Game† (Flint, 2013). The NBA labor union was createdRead MoreHow Collective Bargaining Agreements Effect The Players And The Owners1416 Words   |  6 PagesMost people around the world enjoy sporting events. These events are considered great entertainment options. So what does professional baseball, football, basketball, and most other companies around the United States have in common? If you guessed Collective Bargaining Agreements (CBA), Unions, arbitration and strikes/work stoppages you are absolutely correct. In the coming paragraphs, labor relations within the world of sports will be discussed from their unions to how collective bargaining agreementsRead MoreThe Sports Of Professional Baseb all Professional Sports1266 Words   |  6 PagesLockouts refer to when owners or management closes their doors to their employees. A strike is when employees refuse to work. In most cases labor unions are born out of unfair working conditions and wages were salaries that may be minimal. One might not think of poor working conditions minimal salary when it comes to the three major sports of professional baseball professional basketball in the National Football League. You look at athletes like Michael Jordan, Kobe Bryant, Peyton Manning, and AlexRead MoreAthletes Should Not Be Paid Than Athletes1131 Words   |  5 Pages(Professional Athletes†). In today s society, one is not actually paid more based on the economic importance of their occupation. Instead, those involved in the entertainment industry get paid larger salaries than those shaping the future. In the 1996 basketball season, Michael Jordan made 170,000 dollars a day, whereas an average teacher will only collect 4 0,000 dollars a year (Professional Athletes). The salaries of athletes do not directly reflect their roles in the world. Professional athletes onlyRead MoreEssay about The Origin of the Game of Basketball1391 Words   |  6 Pagesfans across the globe may get thrills while watching an intense minor or professional basketball game, although, few actually know where or how this widely popular sport was created. From this paper, one will acquire information about the origin of the game of basketball, how the game has evolved over time, and basketball as a business. â€Å"The two questions that I am most commonly asked when I am discussing basketball with persons whom I have just met are, How did you come to think of it? and WhatRead MoreThe Nba Makes A Profit907 Words   |  4 Pagessponsorships, television contracts and selling merchandise. The National Basketball Association recently signed a new TV agreement with TNT and ESPN to approximately make $2.6 billion per season. Even with a total of 400 or so odd active players making an average of close to $5 million annually, national TV contracts generate enough revenue to cover salaries and then some. This graph depicts league revenue of the National Basketball Association from the 2001/02 season to the 2014/15 season (StatisticaRead MoreBackground of the NBA Lockout1366 Words   |  5 Pagesneither side. Background The NBA lockout that was experienced in 2011 was the fourth lockout to have been experienced in the history of NBA. The lock out began on expiring of the collective bargaining agreement that had been made in 2006. The lockout lasted one hundred and sixty one days (CACCIOLA, 2011). The crucial issues that brought about the lockout that resulted from the disagreement of owners and players represented by National Basketball Players Association were the salary cap structure, theRead MoreA Long History Of Labor Disputes1421 Words   |  6 Pageslabor disputes within the organization. Players have been fighting for fair pay, honest representation and benefits. This has led to modification of the collective agreement, which in turn, has led to strikes and lockouts. In recent years the NBA has faced challenges concerning lockouts because of the inability of the players union and the NBA to reach a collective agreement deal. In 2011 the NBA team owner’s lockedout out the players. Thi s resulted in months of conflict and negotiations. The effects

National Basketball Association The Lockout Essay

National Basketball Association: The Lockout Jestina N Shand Webster University Abstract (150 words) This paper explores the history of the relationship of National Basketball Association and National Basketball Players Association. It’s really the behind the scenes acts of the players and owners that dictate what we watch on television. This behind the scenes activity is the act of collective bargaining, which has existed since the begging. Collective bargaining in sports is the process by which owners in the professional sports leagues negotiate with the players in their league on every issue that affects the sport. In this paper we are going to focus on the NBA (NATIONAL Basketball Association) National Basketball Association: The Game Off The Court The game of basketball was founded by Canadian physical education instructor James Naismith in 1891. It was a game that was first played in local YMCA that helped developed the game to what it is today. The YMCA had a major role in spreading basketball thought the world. In 1893 basketball was now played at the collegiate level. A few years later in 1898 the first professional league was founded. The National Basketball League consisted of six teams, but was later abandoned in 1904. The game continued to be played in YMCA and colleges around the world. Basketball was known as an international sport and in 1932 FIBA (International Basketball Federation) was formed. Fifty-five years later after the game we all grew toShow MoreRelatedThe Basketball Association Of America Essay1170 Words   |  5 PagesThe game of basketball was founded by Canadian physical education instructor James Naismith in 1891. It was a game that was first played in local YMCA that helped develop the game to what it is today. The YMCA had a major role in spreading basketball throughout the world. In 1893 basketball was now playing at the collegiate level. A few years later in 1898 the first professional league was founded. The National Basketball League consisted of six teams, but was later abandoned in 1904. The game continuedRead MoreSocial And Economic Impacts Of The Industrial Revolution1553 Words   |  7 Pagesincreasing power and significance of labor unions in the workforce was not lost on athletes. Boston Celtic Bob Cousy, a six time NBA champion, perennial All-Star, and the 1957 Most Valuable Player of the National Basketball Association created the player union titled The National Basketball Players Association (NBPA) in 1954. Team owners gave the NBPA recognition in 1957; however, due to a lack of interest from the players and a lack general organization, the NBPA was not taken seriously by anyone, and asRead MoreThe Nba Player s Association1415 Words   |  6 Pageslevel, the y also experience bad work conditions, dissatisfied with how they are treated, unreasonable pay and benefits, and the organization not being interested in their well being. According to an article by Andrew Flint, â€Å"The NBA Player’s Association was founded in 1954 with Bob Cousy of the Boston Celtics as the first president. It wasn’t recognized by the owners until 1964 when the players threatened to boycott the first televised All-Star Game† (Flint, 2013). The NBA labor union was createdRead MoreHow Collective Bargaining Agreements Effect The Players And The Owners1416 Words   |  6 PagesMost people around the world enjoy sporting events. These events are considered great entertainment options. So what does professional baseball, football, basketball, and most other companies around the United States have in common? If you guessed Collective Bargaining Agreements (CBA), Unions, arbitration and strikes/work stoppages you are absolutely correct. In the coming paragraphs, labor relations within the world of sports will be discussed from their unions to how collective bargaining agreementsRead MoreThe Sports Of Professional Baseb all Professional Sports1266 Words   |  6 PagesLockouts refer to when owners or management closes their doors to their employees. A strike is when employees refuse to work. In most cases labor unions are born out of unfair working conditions and wages were salaries that may be minimal. One might not think of poor working conditions minimal salary when it comes to the three major sports of professional baseball professional basketball in the National Football League. You look at athletes like Michael Jordan, Kobe Bryant, Peyton Manning, and AlexRead MoreAthletes Should Not Be Paid Than Athletes1131 Words   |  5 Pages(Professional Athletes†). In today s society, one is not actually paid more based on the economic importance of their occupation. Instead, those involved in the entertainment industry get paid larger salaries than those shaping the future. In the 1996 basketball season, Michael Jordan made 170,000 dollars a day, whereas an average teacher will only collect 4 0,000 dollars a year (Professional Athletes). The salaries of athletes do not directly reflect their roles in the world. Professional athletes onlyRead MoreEssay about The Origin of the Game of Basketball1391 Words   |  6 Pagesfans across the globe may get thrills while watching an intense minor or professional basketball game, although, few actually know where or how this widely popular sport was created. From this paper, one will acquire information about the origin of the game of basketball, how the game has evolved over time, and basketball as a business. â€Å"The two questions that I am most commonly asked when I am discussing basketball with persons whom I have just met are, How did you come to think of it? and WhatRead MoreThe Nba Makes A Profit907 Words   |  4 Pagessponsorships, television contracts and selling merchandise. The National Basketball Association recently signed a new TV agreement with TNT and ESPN to approximately make $2.6 billion per season. Even with a total of 400 or so odd active players making an average of close to $5 million annually, national TV contracts generate enough revenue to cover salaries and then some. This graph depicts league revenue of the National Basketball Association from the 2001/02 season to the 2014/15 season (StatisticaRead MoreBackground of the NBA Lockout1366 Words   |  5 Pagesneither side. Background The NBA lockout that was experienced in 2011 was the fourth lockout to have been experienced in the history of NBA. The lock out began on expiring of the collective bargaining agreement that had been made in 2006. The lockout lasted one hundred and sixty one days (CACCIOLA, 2011). The crucial issues that brought about the lockout that resulted from the disagreement of owners and players represented by National Basketball Players Association were the salary cap structure, theRead MoreA Long History Of Labor Disputes1421 Words   |  6 Pageslabor disputes within the organization. Players have been fighting for fair pay, honest representation and benefits. This has led to modification of the collective agreement, which in turn, has led to strikes and lockouts. In recent years the NBA has faced challenges concerning lockouts because of the inability of the players union and the NBA to reach a collective agreement deal. In 2011 the NBA team owner’s lockedout out the players. Thi s resulted in months of conflict and negotiations. The effects